Monday, July 16, 2012

July 16th Level 1 defenses continued




7/16/2012

Level 1 Skin Defenses:  (Fig 15.1 and Table 15.1)
Skin,
other surface: eyes, GI track, Respiratory track are considered level 1 surface
·         Close Fitting cells
·         Dry
·         Keratin toughens (cornification)
o   (keratin also makes up nails, hair, turtle shells, horns, hooves, claws)
·         Salt and Sebum
·         Epidermis and dermis multi-layered
·         Sloughing (remove dead skin cells)
·         Normal Flora
·         Hair
Level 1: Respiratory Defenses: Fig. 15.2
·         Hairs, turbines
·         Cough, sneeze, reflexes
·         Ciliary escalator
o   Ciliated cells
o   Sticky mucus with lysozyme
o   Coordinated sweeping of trapped particles OUT
·          
Other Level 1 Defenses (Table 15.2)
·         Eyes
o   Blinking reflex (hairs)
o   Flushing – tears
o   Lysozyme
o   Salt (tears)
·         Mouth
o   Lysozyme
o   Flushing action of saliva/swallowing
o   Digestive enzymes
o   Normal flora


Other Level 1 Defenses (table 15.2)
·         Urinary tract
o   Flushing – urine
·         Genital tract (females)
o   pH low
o   ciliary escalator
o   normal flora (yeast, bacteria, etc)
·         Digestive tract
o   (stomach, intesines) Peristalsis/flushing
o   (fiber = cellulose, undigestive by humans but helps scrap and clean off walls of intesines…. Make cake, rubber spatula, fiber like spatula that takes bacteria out of digestive tract)

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